The response of the European Union to human mobility in the context of climate change

Human mobility in the context of climate change is a complex issue, which has been addressed through different approaches, frameworks, and proposed solutions. This research differs from previous studies. It attempts to demonstrate the importance of taking a holistic approach. To do so, it focuses on analysing the European Union’s response to the issue and the factors that have influenced it. The research finds that the EU’s response to human mobility in the context of climate change has been patchy, under-developed and generally inadequate. Although the EU has shown some interest in the topic, the climate-migration nexus is mostly mentioned in relation to policies aimed at tackling the root causes of migration and avoiding displacement and irregular migration. Very little has been done to facilitate more regular migration pathways as a way to provide options to those living in areas severely affected by climate impacts, and nothing has been put in place to ensure effective protection in Europe of people displaced in relation to climate change. The EU case study shows the importance of responding to climate-related mobility in a comprehensive manner and argues for more advocacy and policy-oriented research to bring elements of climate justice back into the discussion and to “re-politicise” the issue.